Territory of modern Romania in 106 was conquered by the Roman emperor Trayanom and added to the Roman empire as a province Denmark. Since the III century the territory of Denmark was exposed to the permanent raids of nearby tribes of gotts, huns and bulgar. In the IX century Romania was under power of Bulgaria and at that time it was christen in Orthodoxy. Valakhiya and Moldavia, being in vassalage ot Hungarian and Polish kings two Romanian principalities were appeared in the XIII century. In 1526 Hungary was broken ottoman turks and Valakhiya and Moldavia and was under power of the Ottoman empire. After the unsuccessful attempt to rid of power Ottoman empires at the end of the XVI century in Valakhii and Moldavia the system of rule of fanariotov was set, where greek-masters were appointed by turks governed.
That time the official language of Romania become Greek. In the middle of the XVIII century as a result of Russian-Turkish wars, influencing of the Ottoman empire considerably weakened and the system of fanariotov was abolished, Moldavia and Valakhiya got an autonomy, and Russia became the actual suzerain of these states. After the defeat of Russia in Crimean war its influence was weakened on Valakhiyu and Moldavia. In 1859 both states crowned the general prince, and in 1861 were united and acknowledged the Turkish sultan as autonomous principality Romania. In 1878 Romania proclaimed its independence, and in 1881 was proclaimed the kingdom of Romania.
In the 30s of the XX century in Romania the pro-fascist mode was with the head Korneliu Zhelea-Kodreanu, the leader of «Zhelezna Guards «, and later — with Antonesku. In 1947 the republic was proclaimed in Romania. April, 13, 1948 the new constitution of country, based on the constitution of the SSSR was accepted. Communist Power of Chaushesku was in the country to December, 1989. Decembers, 22, 1989 power of the country was passed to «Advice of National Rescue», Chaushesku and his wife Helen were executed in December, 25, 1989.
Romania is a member of EC, UNO, World Bank, IMF, GATT.
In Transil’vansksky pool, the Carpathians and Western valleys summer is warm and winter is cold. In summer temperature is up to 38 °C sometimes, and in winter is up to -32 °C. In Valakhii, Moldavia and Dobruzhe summer is warmer, and winter is not so cold. In Moldavian and Walachian steppes vegetation is rare, fruit trees grow only on the slopes of hills. Mountains have the leafy forests, oak, birch and beech, prevail in which. Higher there are the coniferous forests, mainly pines and fir-trees. Large wild animals are wild boar, wolf, lynx, fox, bear, chamois, mountain goat and deer — live mainly in the mountains of the Carpathians. Squirrel, hare, badger and polecat, dwell in valleys. There is a lot of birds in the country, and in the valley of Danube, which partly is a preserve, migratory birds are stopped. There is plenty of fish in the rivers: pike, sturgeon, salmon, perch, eel.
The political system is Republic
The head of the state is President
The legislative body is two Chamber parliament (Senate and Collection of Deputies)
The state language — Romanian
Monetary unit — Romanian leu |
